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  • Functionally distinct sodium channels in ventricular epicardial and endocardial cells contribute to a greater sensitivity of the epicardium to electrical depression -- Cordeiro et al. 295 (1): H154 -- AJP - Heart and Circulatory Physiology: Endo and Epi differences in transient outward K+ current and/or ATP-sensitive K+ channel current are believed to contribute to the differential response. The present study tested the hypothesis that the greater sensitivity of Epi is due in part to its functionally distinct early fast Na+ current (INa). APs were recorded from isolated Epi and Endo tissue slices and coronary-perfu sed wedge preparations before and after exposures to elevated extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]o; 6?12 mM). INa was recorded from Epi and Endo myocytes using whole cell patch-clamp techniques. In tissue slices, increasing [K+]o to 12 mM reduced Vmax to 51.1 ± 5.3% and 26.8 ± 9.6% of control in Endo (n = 9) and Epi (n = 14), respectively (P < 0.05). In wedge preparations (n = 12), the increase in [K+]o caused selective depression of Epi APs and transmural conduction slowing and block. INa density was not significantly different between Epi (n = 14) and Endo (n = 15) cells, but Epi cells displayed a more negati

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  • Protective effects of icariin on cognitive deficit...[Cli n Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2009] - PubMed Result
  • Penn Research Team Tests Bedside Monitoring of Brain Blood Flow and Metabolism in Stroke Victims: University of Pennsylvania: First successful demonstration of a noninvasive optical device to monitor cerebral blood flow in patients with acute stroke. Blood flow changes can be reliably detected from stroke patients and also suggests that blood flow responses vary significantly from patient to patient,? lead author Turgut Durduran said. The device uses embedded optical probes that are placed over major cortical blood vessels in each hemisphere of the brain. The technology, diffuse correlation spectroscopy is a non-invasive system that uses lasers, photon-countin g detectors, radio-frequenc y electronics, data processors and a computer monitor to display user-friendly images of functional information. A working prototype of a non-invasive brain probe that uses diffusing light to detect physiological changes such as blood flow, blood-oxygen saturation and hemoglobin concentration to inform clinicians about their treatments has been demonstrated.

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